Repairing articular cartilage defects by transplantation of periosteum combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes in vivo

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.03.007

Abstract

Abstract:

ACKGROUND: The main strategies for cartilage repair include abrasion and lavaging, drilling, microfracture technology. But most of these technologies are considered certain limitations that can only alleviate pain and have short-term effects. Cartilage tissue engineering technology has great significance and broad application prospects for cartilage regeneration and repair.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of periosteum combined bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes on the repair of articular cartilage defects in the intercondylar fossa of the rabbit knee joints.

METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes were isolated and purified from rabbits. Twenty-eight New Zealand white rabbits were enrolled to create articular defects in the intercondylar fossa with peiosteal coverage in both knee joints, and then these rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. The defects in the left side were treated with transplantation of periosteum combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes or autologous periosteum in the experimental and control groups, respectively, while the defects in the right side received no treatment as blank controls. These rabbits were killed at 8 and 12 weeks after surgery in each group and newborn tissue samples at defect site were taken for gross observation, histological observation and Wakitani scoring.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 12 weeks after surgery, in the experimental group, the repaired tissues were substantially smooth with a very similar color to the surrounding cartilage tissues, a large number of chondrocytes and cartilage lacunae were visible to form the cartilage matrix, type II collagen immunohistochemical staining was positive, and the tissue was stained darker with toluidine blue; in the control group, the repair tissues were still white, the newborn tissues presented with local depression, less smooth surface, and hard texture, there was only a very small amount of chondrocytes, toluidine blue staining was shallow, type II collagen immunohistochemical staining was negative, and no cartilage matrix formed; in the blank control group, the cartilage defects collapsed with irregular surface, the repaired tissues were fibrous tissues and stained lighter with toluidine blue. These findings indicate that autologous periosteum combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes can effectively repair articular cartilage defects.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

全文链接：

Key words: Periosteum, Stem Cells, Chondrocytes

CLC Number:

R318

Liu Ji-bin, Hou Lian-dong, Yu Qiang, Bai Yi, Wang Yan-dong. Repairing articular cartilage defects by transplantation of periosteum combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and chondrocytes in vivo[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2015, 19(3): 364-369.

Figures/Tables 4

2.3 一般观察及标本大体观察一般观察：所有实验兔术后肢体活动无障碍，切口愈合良好，无红肿，脓液形成等炎性反应。术后兔无意外死亡，关节内无感染、无粘连，无游离体及骨赘形成，所有移植处缝合骨膜均未脱落。标本大体观察：所有造模中软骨缺损处移植骨膜缝合良好，没有脱落及皱缩发生。8周后，实验组软骨缺损区域修复组颜色为乳白色，与周围正常软骨组织色泽基本相同，表面光滑平整但质地柔软类似于正常软骨，修复平面低于周围正常软骨，界限可辨；对照组修复缺损组织也为乳白色，表面光滑且有轻微凹陷，与周围正常软骨组织之间界限清晰可见；空白对照组缺损处新生组织形状不规则或缺损区凹陷明显，与周围组织之间界限清晰。 12周后，实验组修复组织表面基本光滑，与周围软骨色泽极其相近，二者间界限模糊不清；对照组修复组织仍为白色，新生修复组织局部凹陷，表面欠光滑，质地较硬，与周围组织界限清楚；空白对照组软骨缺损塌陷，表面不规则，修复失败。 2.4 组织学观察术后8周，实验组中修复组织内细胞呈圆形，散在分布、排列无取向性，其细胞数目少于周围正常软骨，软骨陷窝形成，基质甲苯胺蓝染色较深，Ⅱ型胶原免疫组织化学弱阳性，基质染色呈淡黄色；对照组修复组织内极少量软骨细胞形成，基质甲苯胺蓝染色较浅，Ⅱ型胶原免疫组织化学阴性，基质染色无淡黄色；空白对照组新生组织内纤维组织形成。12周后，实验组中修复组织浅层内细胞变小，呈层状排列，深层组织内细胞数较多且较大，为透明样软骨，有同源细胞群形成，基质染色较深，Ⅱ型胶原免疫组织化学阳性，棕黄色颗粒形成(图4)。 "

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